Causes of Coral Bleaching and Death
- El Nino phenomenon: This warming of the equatorial Pacific Ocean increases sea surface temperatures.
- Elevated water temperatures: Optimal temperatures for coral growth are 24-30°C. Current sea bottom temperatures in Con Dao are 32°C, significantly higher.
Extent of Coral Damage
- A recent survey by Con Dao National Park Management Board revealed widespread coral bleaching and death on islands within the park's jurisdiction.
- The most severe bleaching events on record occurred in 1998, 2010, and 2016, all linked to El Nino.
Consequences of Coral Bleaching
- Loss of biodiversity: Corals are essential habitats for marine ecosystems, supporting a wide range of species.
- Reduced tourism revenue: Coral reefs are a major tourist attraction in Con Dao. Bleaching and death can severely impact this industry.
- Coastal protection: Coral reefs help dissipate wave energy and protect coastlines from erosion.
Response and Next Steps
- The National Park Management Board is conducting additional surveys to assess the scale and severity of the damage.
- They are collaborating with the Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography to determine the precise percentage of coral affected.
- The board is implementing coral restoration programs to rehabilitate affected areas.
Summary
Coral bleaching and death in Con Dao Islands are a serious concern. Elevated sea temperatures caused by El Nino are the primary cause. The extent of damage is being assessed, and efforts are underway to protect and restore coral ecosystems.