Archaeologists Uncover Ancient Mediterranean Tombs
In 2022, a team of archaeologists from Ghent University (UGent) and the Mediterranean Archaeological Association made an extraordinary discovery using a magnetometer to survey the terrain near the town of Dromolaxia Vizatzia at Hala Sultan Tekke on the southeastern coast of Cyprus. They encountered an unusual magnetic anomaly, sparking their investigation. The survey was part of the team's ongoing exploration of a prominent hill near the village of Pyla since 2014.
At the site of the magnetic anomaly, excavation revealed several tombs dating back to around 1500 to 1300 BC. Dromolaxia Vizatzia was a major center of copper trade during that period. Upon examination, the experts declared them to be the "wealthiest" tombs they had ever excavated in the Mediterranean region.
Treasure Chamber Revealed, Royal Status Suspected
"We think these tombs belonged to royalty," said Professor Peter Fishcher of the University of Gothenburg.
Upon opening the burial complex, it contained two adjoining burial chambers measuring 4x5 meters, accessible via a narrow corridor leading to the surface. The team unearthed over 500 artifacts, including gold, precious stones, ivory, fine ceramics, and bronze weaponry. Raw materials used in the crafting of these artifacts were imported from neighboring civilizations. For example, gold and ivory were sourced from Egypt, gemstones originated from Afghanistan, India, and the Sinai, while amber was brought from the Baltic region.
Surrounding the skeletal remains were crowns, necklaces, pendants, bronze mirrors, and dozens of ceramic vessels. These objects were likely fabricated in Egypt during the 18th Dynasty under the rule of pharaohs such as Thutmos III, Amenophis IV (Akhenaten), and his wife Nefertiti.
DNA Analysis to Shed Light on Burial Identities
Due to limited historical records in the region, scientists have yet to determine whether the tombs belonged to royal family members. Researchers will conduct DNA and strontium isotope analyses on the bones to gather more information about the tomb occupants and their origins.
Previous Discoveries Highlight Extensive Trade Networks
During previous surveys since 2014, the team has recovered numerous valuable artifacts. Notably, one piece resembling an "egg" contained a 472-gram gold disc upon opening. This disc is now on display at the Larnaka Museum.
On another occasion, the archaeological team uncovered a large gypsum vase decorated with lotus flowers, filled with jewelry made of bronze, ivory, and stone. This vessel is believed to have originated in Egypt.
These discoveries demonstrate the extent of trade in the Mediterranean region during the late Bronze Age, fostering cultural exchanges and technological advancements.