Mulberry trees, with their approximately 29 different varieties, are believed to be one of the earliest domesticated plants, providing a good source of calories (74kcal/100g), minerals (including calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus), trace elements (such as iron), fiber, and vitamins (including B, C, A, retinol, E, and K).
In Hanoi's cuisine, mulberries have become an indispensable ingredient, with their shoots, leaves, and fruits being transformed into irresistible dishes.
Speaking of mulberries, one can mention a myriad of delicacies made from this plant, ranging from pickled mulberries to sour pickled mulberries. Most notably, mulberry leaves are often served with Phung spring rolls. The sweet, fatty, and crispy spring rolls, combined with the nutty aroma of toasted rice, the bitterness of mulberry leaves, and the sour and spicy sauce, create a tantalizing flavor. However, one might wonder why mulberry leaves sometimes have strange bumps that resemble acne.
The Truth About the Bumps on Mulberry Leaves
Such leaves are known as deformed mulberry leaves (or toad mulberries). But what exactly are these bumps?
This is a common question among plant enthusiasts worldwide. Some speculate that it indicates a disease affecting the mulberry tree, while others simply assume it's an inherent characteristic of the plant.
However, these bumps are not unique to mulberry leaves; they can appear on various types of leaves. They are not caused by diseases but rather indicate that insects or parasitic worms have attacked the leaves. The bumps on the leaves are similar to the hives that appear on human skin when they experience an allergic reaction.
Some people may be concerned that the bumps are insect eggs, but there's no need to worry. By the time you notice the bumps, the worms that attacked the leaf have long since left, and the bumps themselves rarely contain worm eggs.
Additionally, only fresh leaves that have recently sprouted from buds are prone to developing these bumps. If older leaves are attacked, bumps are unlikely to appear.
However, if the bumps are significantly different in color from the leaf (e.g., reddish-orange) and can be easily removed, they may indeed be insect eggs.
Health Benefits of Mulberry Leaves with Bumps
In traditional Chinese medicine, mulberry leaves with bumps are considered to be more beneficial than regular leaves and are believed to alleviate various ailments such as liver problems, headaches, and general weakness.
Benefits of Mulberry Leaves
Rich in Fiber: Mulberry leaves contain a significant amount of fiber, which aids in weight management and improves digestion, reducing constipation and promoting a healthy gastrointestinal system.
Blood Glucose Control: The World Health Organization (WHO) suggests that traditional herbal remedies, including mulberry leaves, may support diabetes management due to their glucose-lowering effects.
Anti-Cancer Properties: Studies have shown that mulberry leaves and their natural latex possess anti-tumor activity against human colon, breast, cervical, and liver cancer cells.
Cardiovascular Health: Mulberry leaves may improve blood pressure and lipid levels, promoting cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of heart disease.
Culinary Uses of Mulberry Leaves
Mulberry leaves are often consumed raw as an accompaniment to other dishes. Cooked mulberry leaves have an unappealing taste and a fibrous texture, so they are typically used raw as an appetizer to enhance the flavors of dishes such as fermented spring rolls, sticky rice spring rolls, and sour spring rolls. Their slightly bitter and earthy taste complements other leaves like guava and Vietnamese coriander, creating a delicious and nutritious snack when combined with a tangy garlic-chili sauce.
Who Should Avoid Consuming Mulberry Leaves?
Despite their numerous benefits, mulberry leaves should be avoided by certain individuals, including those with the following conditions:
- Rectal or vaginal bleeding
- Low blood sugar
- Kidney disease (excessive consumption of mulberry leaves or their juice may worsen the condition)